OHIO RURAL BROADBAND ASSOCIATIONS

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$3G (Third-generation wireless) - The third-generation wireless communication systems follows the development of the first generation (analog) and second generation (digital) cellular telephone services, and support much higher data rates, measured in Mbps, intended for both voice and data applications. To do so, 3G uses wider band air interface technologies and adds packet-switching capabilities to the network. T-1 Carrier - A dedicated phone connection supporting data rates of 1.544Mbits per second. A T-1 line actually consists of 24 individual channels, each of which supports 64Kbits per second. Each 64Kbit/second channel can be configured to carry voice or data traffic. Most telephone companies allow you to buy just some of these individual channels, known as fractional T-1 access. T-1 lines are a popular leased line option for businesses connecting to the Internet and for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) connecting to the Internet backbone.. The Internet backbone itself consists of faster T-3 connections. T-1 lines are sometimes referred to as DS1 lines. T-3 Carrier - A dedicated phone connection, supporting data rates of about 43 Mbpx. A T-3 line actually consists of 672 individual channels, each of which supports 64 Kbps. T-3 lines are used mainly by Internet Service Providers ISPs connecting to the Internet backbone and for the backbone itself. T-3 lines are sometimes referred to as DS3 lines. Tandem Network - An arrangement of voice switches that enables calls to be routed through two or more switching centers in tandem fashion, such that each end office switch does not need to be directly connected to each other. Tandem Switch - A voice switch that is designed primarily with trunk interfaces rather than subscriber interfaces. Tariff - A communications company' s detailed listing of services, rates, terms and conditions by which said services will be provisioned to its end users or another carrier. Both the States and the FCC have tariff filing requirements. Telecommunications - Any transmission, emission or reception of signs, signals, writing, images, sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems. Telecommunications Act of 1996 - The Telecommunications Act of 1996 is the first major overhaul of telecommunications law in almost 62 years. The goal of this new law is to let anyone enter any communications business -- to let any communications business compete in any market against any other. Telecommunications Device for the Deaf (TDD/TTY) - A machine that allows people with hearing or speech disabilities to communicate over the phone using a keyboard and a viewing screen. It is referred to as either a TDD or a TTY. Telephone Relay Service (TRS) - A service that enables speech and hearing-impaired callers to type a message into a telephone set equipped with a keypad and message screen and to have a live operator read the message to a recipient and to type message recipient's response to the speech or hearing-impaired caller. This service also works in reverse allowing non-hearing-impaired callers to initiate calls to Telephone Relay Service users. Telephony - The word used to describe the science of transmitting voice over a telecommunications network. TELRIC - Total element on-run incremental cost represents the forward-looking cost for a new or existing element. Terminating Carrier -A telecommunications carrier upon whose network telecommunications traffic terminates to the called party. Text Telephone (TT) - A machine that employs graphic communication in the transmission of coded signals through a wire or radio communications system. TT supersedes the term "TDD" or "telecommunications device for the deaf." Traffic - 1. The information moved over a communication channel. 2. A quantitative measurement of the total messages and their length, expressed in CCS or other units, during a specified period of time. Transport Services - Network switching, transmission and related services that support information transfer capabilities between originating and terminating access service facilities. Transit Traffic - Telecommunications traffic that an originating carrier has delivered to a transiting carrier or carriers for delivery to a terminating carrier. Transiting Carrier - A telecommunications carrier that does not originate or terminate telecommunications traffic, but either switches or transports traffic, or both, between an originating carrier and a terminating carrier. Trunk - (1) Group of circuits that carry call traffic in and out of the switch. (2) Circuit or channel connecting two exchanges or two switching devices. (3) Circuit capable of being switched at both ends. Twisted Pair - This is the term used to describe the traditional copper cable that is used for short-distance communications.$

ORBA is "Connecting Communities" Throughout Ohio

A consortium of independent telcos and CLECs working together, sharing knowledge and

commonalities to promote and serve rural areas of Ohio