GLOSSARY OF TERMS G - H - I

A  -  B -  C -  D -  E -  F  -  G -  H -  I -  J -  K -  L -  M

N -  O -  P -  Q -  R -  S -  T  -  U -  V -  W -  X -  Y -  Z

Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier (ILEC) - Originally, the companies franchised under the auspices of the state Public Utilities Commission as the sole provider of local telephone service within a specific geographic area. This includes both Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs) and independent telephone companies, such as ALLTEL, CenturyTel, Cincinnati Bell, Horizon Telcom, Sprint, Verizon and hundreds of others. This terminology distinguishes these companies from competitive local exchange carriers (CLECs). Independent Carrier - A telephone company not affiliated with one of the large or "Bell" telephone companies. Numbering about 1,400 nationwide - these Companies serve more than half of the geographic area of the United States, but only around 15% of its telephones. Independent Payphone Provider (IPP) - Alternative providers of coin-operated telephone service. In Ohio, may be known as COCOTS (Customer Owned Coin-Operated Telephone Service). Inside Wire - Customer-owned telephone wiring either metallic or optical-fiber. For a residence, the wiring usually starts where the line enters the house and is called the demarcation line. For businesses, the location of the demarcation point varies. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) - A technical professional association, composed of engineers, scientists, and students. The IEEE fosters the development of standards that often become national and international standards. In particular, the IEEE 802 standards for local area networks are widely followed. Instant Messaging (IM) - A service that enables users to see whether a specific user is connected to the Internet and, if they are, to exchange messages with them. Users must be online at the same time and subscribers of the same service. Messages, which appear in a pop-up box on the user's screen, are easier and more immediate than traditional e-mails. Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) - Switched network providing end-to-end digital connection for simultaneous transmission of voice and/or data over multiple multiplexed communication channels and employing transmission that conforms to internationally-defined standards. ISDN is considered to be the basis for a "universal network" that can support almost any type of communications device or service. Intelligent Network (IN) - A telecommunications network architecture in which processing capabilities for call control and related functions are distributed among specialized network nodes rather than concentrated in a switching system. The SS7 network forms part of the IN infrastructure Intelligent Peripheral (IP) - 1. A functional component that may be used most efficiently when accessed locally. 2. An intelligent-network feature that provides specialized telecommunication capabilities required by IN/2 service logic programs. Interconnection - The connection of one telecommunication carrier's network to another or the connection of a piece of telephone equipment to the nationwide telephone network. Interexchange Carrier (IXC) - Long haul long-distance carriers. IXCs include all facilities-based inter-LATA carriers. The largest IXCs are AT&T, MCI WorldCom and Sprint; a huge number of smaller, regional companies also fit in this definition. The term generally applies to voice and data carriers, but not to Internet carriers. Inter-LATA - 1. Between local access and transport areas (LATAs). 2. Services, revenues, and functions associated with telecommunications that originate in one LATA and that terminate in another one or that terminate outside of that LATA. Internet - A computer network stretching across the world that links the user to businesses, government agencies, universities and individuals. The Internet provides computers with the ability to connect with other computers for communicating, disseminating and collecting information. Internet Protocol (IP) - A network layer (Layer 3) standard for data transmission that performs the addressing function and contains some control information to allow packets to be routed through networks Internet Protocol - IP Address - The Internet protocol address which is a 32-bit address assigned to a host. The IP address has a host component and a network component. Internet Protocol TV (IPTV) - Streaming TV programs over the Internet. IP TV uses streaming video to deliver scheduled TV programs via the Internet. Unlike transmitting over the air or via cable to a TV set, IP TV uses the Internet as the delivery mechanism and requires a computer and software media player to display the content. See streaming video. Internet Service Provider (ISP) - A company that provides access to the Internet through modems, ISDN, T1' s etc. Various technologies utilized: standard dial-up, Digital Subscriber Loop (DSL), cable modems, Wi-Fi (wireless). Intra-LATA - Within the boundaries of a local access and transport area (LATA)

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